Tutorial Basic Users
System Requirements, Download and Installation of JAMS/J2000
System Requirements
To run JAMS the Java Runtime Environment (JRE) Version 5.0 or higher is required. The installation file can be downloaded here: http://java.sun.com/javase/downloads/index.jsp.
JAMS/J2000 Download
JAMS is available to download at www.geoinf.uni-jena.de/5580.0.html as a package including the hydrologischen Modell J2000 and a test data set. To run JAMS an installation of Java (J2SE JRE, Version 1.5 or higher) is required.
In addition, all Java sources of JAMS, different standard components as well as all libraries needed are available on this website.
There are packages for the Windows and Linux at disposal. If your operating system does not have a Java installation, JAMS/J2000 can be downloaded with a Java Virtual Machine.
The installation for Windows is carried out by an executable file which installs JAMS completely. For Linux a tgz-archive is available which includes all files needed. For the execution of JAMS on Linux an existing Java installation is required.
The installation of JAMS includes two executable files:
- jams.exe (jams on Linux) launches the JAMS-Launcher
- juice.exe (juice on Linux) launches the grafischen Modelleditor JUICE
JAMS/J2000 Installation on Windows
The installation program opens.
Click on next and accept the license agreement.
In the next step you can decide whether you would like to install two test data sets in addition to JAMS/J2000. In each of those data sets you can find an example of a model description and all necessary input data for the catchment area.
Please select the folder where the programm will be installed.
Please select a folder of the start menu to create shortcuts for JAMS Builder, JAMS Launcher, JAMS Remonte Launcher and test data sets.
Click on install to start the installation.
JAMS/J2000 has been successfully installed.
Introduction and Application of the JAMS Launcher
The JAMS Launcher is a graphical surface for editing Modellkonfigurationen and Systemkonfigurationen and a device for model execution. The design is dependent on the model configuration which is currently loaded. Automatically generated input components can serve to define initialization values for specific model parameters.
The JAMS launcher also enables loading and saving model and system configurations. It is automatically displayed when starting JAMS, providing that the feature "guiconfig" has the value "1" in the system confuguration.
Structure and Capacity of the JAMS Launcher
The JAMS Launcher is a software tool which facilitates loading and parameterizing models as well as carrying out modelings. Additionally, modeling results can be visualized. The total runoff at the catchment outlet, soil water, snow water equivalent and the map of the catchment area can be examined.
You can start the launcher from the start menu or from a shortcut on your desktop. The following window will appear: Bild:JAMS.jpg
The JAMS Launcher has been opened and can now start the modeling.
Under the menu item Datei you can load, save and close models.
The menu item Extras can change settings, load and save settings or continue an interrupted model execution.
Under JAMS settings you can change libraries, output size, output of model protocols and information on model windows. Those settings can be saved for later modelings under Einstellungen speichern and can be loaded under Einstellungen laden.
Under the menu item Modell, you can start the modeling (Modell starten), you can see the current workspace (Workspace anzeigen) or you can see th docket of all ongoing processes (Prozessliste öffnen).
Under the menu item JAMS Data Explorer you can eyport the modeling results as well as the input data which are at disposal for the model into the tool JADE. This allows an intensive evaluation of results and an analysis of the measured data used for the modeling.
The menu items Lade Modellparameter and Speichere Modellparameter are used to manage model parameters. An edited parameter set can be saved to reuse it for new modelings. Bild:Systemleiste_Modell.jpg
Under the menu item Protokolle you can look at the Infoprotokoll (information protocol). It contains information on the model's author, its version or on its user as well as information on the model's efficiency (How well did the model display the meadured data?), the model structure (Which components were used and how often?) and on the model runtime.
The Fehlerprotokoll (error log) records any errors which may have occured.
Bild:Systemleiste_Protokolle.jpg
Under the menu item Hilfe (help) you can obtain online help of JAMS by clicking on JAMS online.
Selecting and Running a Model
If you want to run a model, select a model desription in the JAMS Launcher under the item Datei/Modell laden (load file/model). Models can be read as *.xml or *.jam files. If you named the installation folder jams and installed a testa data set when installing JAMS, then you will find an example of a model desciption (j2k_gehlberg.jam) in folder jams/data.
You can start the modeling by clicking on the green button in the menu bar.
Editing Model Parameters
Basic Settings
- Workspace directory: Sets the working directory. It has to contain three more folders: Parameter (for all parameter files), Data (for all data files) and Output (for all output files).
- Time interval: The time interval for the model run is selected.
- Caching: The results of some compute-intensive processes can be temporarily stored in hard disk and reused for further model runs. Therefore the model run is slightly faster. Attention: This feature is not completely safe yet and should only be applied by experienced users.
Diagrams and Maps
- Runoff plot: Avtivates the graphical display of the runoff modeled and measured during model run.
- Soil moisture plot: Avtivates the graphical display of the relative soil moisture during model run.
- Snow water equivalent: Avtivates the graphical display of the snow water equivalent during model run.
- Map enable: Enables the output of a cartographic display of selected state variables.
- Map attributes: A semicolon-separated list of state variables which are to be cartographically displayed.
- Map3D enable: Enables a 3D output of a cartographic display of selected state variables.
- Map3D attributes: A semicolon-separated list of state variables which are to be cartographically displayed (in 3D).
Initialisation
- Multiplier for field capacity : The maximum storage capacity of the middle pore storage (MPS) can be increased (value > 1) or decreased (value < 1).
- Multiplier for air capicity: The maximum storage capacity of the large pore storage (LPS) can be increased (value > 1) or decreased (value < 1).
- initRG1: relative filling of the upper groundwater storage at beginning of model run (1 filled to capacity, 0 empty).
- initRG2: relative filling of the lower groundwater storage at beginning of model run (1 filled to capacity, 0 empty).
Regionalisation
- number of closest stations for regionalisation: Number n of stations used to calculate the value of an HRU (n stations which are closest to the HRU are selected).
- Power of IDW function for regionalisation: Weighting factor used to exponentiate the distance of each station to the respective HRU.
- elevation correction on/off: Activates the elevation correction of the data values.
- r-sqrt threshold for elevation correction: Threshold value for the elevation correction of the data values. If the coefficient of determination of the regression relation between measured data of the stations and station elevations smaller than this value, an elevation correction is carried out.
Those settings (i.e. minimum temperature, maximum temperature, medium air temperature, precipitation, absolute are moisture, wind speed, sunshine duration) can be adjusted for every single input variable.
Radiation
- flowRouteTA [h]: runtime of the outflow route
Interception
- a_rain [mm]: Maximum storage capacity of the interception storage per m2 leaf area for rain
- a_snow [mm]: Maximum storage capacity of the interception storage per m2 leaf area for snow
Snow
- Component active: Activates the snow module.
- baseTemp [°C]: Temperature limit value for snow precipitation.
- t_factor [mm/°C]: Temperature factor for calculation of snowmelt runoff.
- r_factor [mm/°C]: Rain factor for calcuation for calculation of snowmelt runoff.
- g_factor [mm]: Soil heat flux factor for calculation of snowmelt runoff.
- snowCritDens [g/cm³]: critical snow density
- ccf_factor [-]: factor for calculation of the cold content of snow cover
Soilwater
- MaxDPS [mm]: maximum hollow reserve
- PolRed [-]: polynomial reduction factor for reduction of potential evaporation with limited water supply.
- LinRed [-]: linear reduction factor for reduction of potential evaporation with limited water supply.
(Note: PolRed and LinRed do not represent alternatives. Only one can be attributed a value, the other one has to be 0.)
- MaxInfSummer [mm]: maximum infiltration during summer period
- MaxInfWinter [mm]: maximum infiltration during winter period
- MaxInfSnow [mm]: maximum infiltration with snow cover
- ImpGT80 [-]: relative infiltration capacity of areas with a sealing degree of > 80%
- ImpLT80 [-]: relative infiltration capacity of areas with a sealing degree of < 80%
- DistMPSLPS [-]: calibration coefficient for distribution of infiltration on soil storages LPS and MPS
- DiffMPSLPS [-]: calibration coefficient for the definition of the diffusion amount of the LPS storage in relation to MPS at the end of a time step
- OutLPS [-]: calibration coefficient for definition of LPS outflow
- LatVertLPS [-]: calibration coefficient for distribution of the LPS outflow on the lateral (interflow) and vertical (percolation) component
- MaxPerc [mm]: maximum perlocation rate
- ConcRD1 [-]: retention coefficient for direct runoff
- ConcRD2 [-]: retention coefficient for interflow
Groundwater
- RG1RG2dist [-]: calibration coefficient for distribution of perlocation water
- RG1Fact [-]: factor for runoff dynamics of RG1
- RG2Fact [-]: factor for runoff dynamics of RG2
- CapRise [-]: factor for the setting of capillary rise
Routing in the Flow
- flowRouteTA [h]: runtime of the outflow route
Visualization of Modeling Results
After the modeling has been successfully carried out, the following window opens automatically:
The ExeptionInfo contains information on the model's author, its version or on its user as well as information on the model's efficiency (How well did the model display the meadured data?), the model structure (Which components were used and how often?) and on the model runtime.
The Runoff Plot can compare the simulated runoff with the runoff actually measured. The precipitation is shown in this diagram as well.
The SWE Plot contains information on how much water is stored as snow.
Under the menu item Map the catchment area is shown with its modeling units. In the right window all those variables are listed which were selected in the JAMS Launcher/Plots & Maps/Map attributes. They can be evaluated in different maps.
The value of a single modeling unit variable can be shown by clicking on Modellierungseinheit.
the map can be exported with selected attributes as *.shp.
Overview of Implemented Models
This tutorial is concerned with the hydrological modelling system J2000. The hydrological modelling system J2000g was developed as a simpler model and the modelling system J2000-S also takes into account the water and nitrogen budget. Therefore, they can be seen as simplification and an extension of the J2000. A short description of all modeling systems follows.
J2000
Das hydrologische Modellsystem J2000 ermöglicht die physikalisch basierte Modellierung des Wasserhaushaltes großer Einzugsgebiete. Neben der Nachbildung der hydrologischen Prozesse, die in der oberen Meso- und der Makroskala Einfluss auf die Abflußbildung und -konzentration haben, enthält das Modellsystem Routinen, mit denen die punktuell vorliegenden Klima- und Niederschlagsmeßwerte mit einiger Sicherheit regionalisiert werden können. Außerdem ist die Berechnung der realen Bestandesverdunstung, mit der die Berechnung flächendifferenziert unter Berücksichtigung des Verdunstungsverhaltens unterschiedlicher Landnutzungsklassen erfolgt, direkt in das Modell integriert. Da das Modell für die Modellierung großer Einzugsgebiete mit mehreren 1000 km2 Fläche geeignet sein soll, ist sichergestellt, dass die Modellierung anhand der auf nationalem Maßstab verfügbaren Datengrundlagen betrieben werden kann.
Die Nachbildung der unterschiedlichen hydrologischen Prozesse erfolgt in abgeschlossenen, voneinander weitestgehend unabhängigen Programmodulen. Dies ermöglicht, dass einzelne Module verändert, ersetzt oder hinzugefügt werden können, ohne das Modell grundlegend neu strukturieren zu müssen.
J2000-S
Das Wasser- und Stofftransportmodell J2000-S ermöglicht die Simulation des Wasser- und Stickstoffhaushaltes von Mesoskaligen Einzugsgebieten. Das Modell stellt eine Erweiterung des Modells J2000 dar mit denen es die meisten Komponenten zur Beschreibung des hydrologischen Kreislaufs teilt. Zur Beschreibung des Stickstoffhaushalts werden die zusätzlichen Komponenten Bodentemperatur, Bodenstickstoffhaushalt, Landnutzungsmanagement, Pflanzenwachstum und Grundwasserstickstoffhaushalt beschrieben werden. Weitere Module wurden für die Erfordernisse des Stickstoffhaushalts angepasst.
J2000g
Das Modell J2000g wurde als vereinfachtes hydrologisches Modell entwickelt um zeitlich aggregierte, räumlich verteilte hydrologische Zielgrößen zu berechnen. Die Darstellung und Berechnung der hydrologischen Vorgänge erfolgt dabei eindimensional für eine beliebige Anzahl von Punkten im Raum. Durch diese Modellpunkte können unterschiedliche Distributionskonzepte (Response Units, Rasterzellen, Teileinzugsgebiete) gleichermaßen ohne weitere Modellanpassung eingesetzt werden.
Die zeitliche Diskretisierung der Modellierung kann entweder in Tagesschritten oder Monatschritten erfolgen. Während der Modellierung werden folgende Prozesse für jeden Zeitschritt berechnet: Regionalisierung von punktuell vorliegenden Klimadaten auf die jeweiligen Modelleinheiten, Berechnung von Global- und Nettostrahlung als Eingang für die Verdunstungsberechnung, Berechnung der landbedeckungsspezifischen potentiellen Verdunstung nach Penmam-Monteith, Schneeakkumulation und Schmelze, Bodenwasserhaushalt, Grundwasserneubildung, Abflussverzögerung (Translation und Retention). Die einzelnen Prozesse werden unten detailliert beschrieben.
Aufbereiten der Eingangsdaten
Aufbereitung eigener Eingangsdaten
Anwendung des implementierten Grass-HRU Werkzeugkastens
Please see GRASS-HRU.
